CREATE EDGE¶

CREATE EDGE creates an edge type with the given name in a graph space.

OpenCypher compatibility¶

Edge types in nGQL are similar to relationship types in openCypher. But they are also quite different. For example, the ways to create them are different.

In openCypher, relationship types are created together with vertices in CREATE statements.
In nGQL, edge types are created separately using CREATE EDGE statements. Edge types in nGQL are more like tables in MySQL.

Prerequisites¶

Running the CREATE EDGE statement requires some privileges for the graph space. Otherwise, NebulaGraph throws an error.

Syntax¶

To create an edge type in a specific graph space, you must specify the current working space with the USE statement.

CREATE EDGE [IF NOT EXISTS] <edge_type_name>
    (
      <prop_name> <data_type> [NULL | NOT NULL] [DEFAULT <default_value>] [COMMENT '<comment>']
      [{, <prop_name> <data_type> [NULL | NOT NULL] [DEFAULT <default_value>] [COMMENT '<comment>']} ...] 
    )
    [TTL_DURATION = <ttl_duration>]
    [TTL_COL = <prop_name>]
    [COMMENT = '<comment>'];

Parameter	Description
`IF NOT EXISTS`	Detects if the edge type that you want to create exists. If it does not exist, a new one will be created. The edge type existence detection here only compares the edge type names (excluding properties).
`<edge_type_name>`	1. The edge type name must be unique in a graph space. 2. Once the edge type name is set, it can not be altered. 3. By default, the name only supports 1-4 byte UTF-8 encoded characters, including English letters (case sensitive), numbers, Chinese characters, etc. However, it cannot include special characters other than the underscore (_), and cannot start with a number. 4. To use special characters, reserved keywords, or start with a number, quote the entire name with backticks (`) and do not include periods (`.`) within the pair of backticks (`). For more information, see Keywords and reserved words. Note: 1. If you name an edge type in Chinese and encounter a `SyntaxError`, you need to quote the Chinese characters with backticks (`). 2. To include a backtick (`) in an edge type name, use a backslash to escape the backtick, such as \`; to include a backslash, the backslash itself also needs to be escaped, such as \ .
`<prop_name>`	The name of the property. It must be unique for each edge type. The rules for permitted property names are the same as those for edge type names.
`<data_type>`	Shows the data type of each property. For a full description of the property data types, see Data types and Boolean.
`NULL \| NOT NULL`	Specifies if the property supports `NULL \| NOT NULL`. The default value is `NULL`. `DEFAULT` must be specified if `NOT NULL` is set.
`DEFAULT`	Specifies a default value for a property. The default value can be a literal value or an expression supported by NebulaGraph. If no value is specified, the default value is used when inserting a new edge.
`COMMENT`	The remarks of a certain property or the edge type itself. The maximum length is 256 bytes. By default, there will be no comments on an edge type.
`TTL_DURATION`	Specifies the life cycle for the property. The property that exceeds the specified TTL expires. The expiration threshold is the `TTL_COL` value plus the `TTL_DURATION`. The default value of `TTL_DURATION` is `0`. It means the data never expires.
`TTL_COL`	Specifies the property to set a timeout on. The data type of the property must be `int` or `timestamp`. An edge type can only specify one field as `TTL_COL`. For more information on TTL, see TTL options.

Examples¶

nebula> CREATE EDGE IF NOT EXISTS follow(degree int);

# The following example creates an edge type with no properties.
nebula> CREATE EDGE IF NOT EXISTS no_property();

# The following example creates an edge type with a default value.
nebula> CREATE EDGE IF NOT EXISTS follow_with_default(degree int DEFAULT 20);

# In the following example, the TTL of the p2 field is set to be 100 seconds.
nebula> CREATE EDGE IF NOT EXISTS e1(p1 string, p2 int, p3 timestamp) \
        TTL_DURATION = 100, TTL_COL = "p2";

Last update: January 30, 2024