String operators

You can use the following string operators for concatenating, querying, and matching.

Name	Description
+	Concatenates strings.
CONTAINS	Performs searchings in strings.
(NOT) IN	Checks whether a value is within a set of values.
(NOT) STARTS WITH	Performs matchings at the beginning of a string.
(NOT) ENDS WITH	Performs matchings at the end of a string.
Regular expressions	Perform string matchings using regular expressions.

Note

All the string searchings or matchings are case-sensitive.

Examples

+

nebula> RETURN 'a' + 'b';
+-----------+
| ("a"+"b") |
+-----------+
| "ab"      |
+-----------+
nebula> UNWIND 'a' AS a UNWIND 'b' AS b RETURN a + b;
+-------+
| (a+b) |
+-------+
| "ab"  |
+-------+

CONTAINS

The CONTAINS operator requires string types on both left and right sides.

nebula> MATCH (s:player)-[e:serve]->(t:team) WHERE id(s) == "player101" \
        AND t.team.name CONTAINS "ets" RETURN s.player.name, e.start_year, e.end_year, t.team.name;
+---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| s.player.name | e.start_year | e.end_year | t.team.name |
+---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| "Tony Parker" | 2018         | 2019       | "Hornets"   |
+---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+

nebula> GO FROM "player101" OVER serve WHERE (STRING)properties(edge).start_year CONTAINS "19" AND \
        properties($^).name CONTAINS "ny" \
        YIELD properties($^).name, properties(edge).start_year, properties(edge).end_year, properties($$).name;
+---------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| properties($^).name | properties(EDGE).start_year | properties(EDGE).end_year | properties($$).name |
+---------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| "Tony Parker"       | 1999                        | 2018                      | "Spurs"             |
+---------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------+

nebula> GO FROM "player101" OVER serve WHERE !(properties($$).name CONTAINS "ets") \
        YIELD properties($^).name, properties(edge).start_year, properties(edge).end_year, properties($$).name;
+---------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| properties($^).name | properties(EDGE).start_year | properties(EDGE).end_year | properties($$).name |
+---------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| "Tony Parker"       | 1999                        | 2018                      | "Spurs"             |
+---------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------+

(NOT) IN

nebula> RETURN  1 IN [1,2,3], "Yao" NOT IN ["Yi", "Tim", "Kobe"], NULL IN ["Yi", "Tim", "Kobe"];
+----------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| (1 IN [1,2,3]) | ("Yao" NOT IN ["Yi","Tim","Kobe"]) | (NULL IN ["Yi","Tim","Kobe"]) |
+----------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| true           | true                               | __NULL__                      |
+----------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+

(NOT) STARTS WITH

nebula> RETURN 'apple' STARTS WITH 'app', 'apple' STARTS WITH 'a', 'apple' STARTS WITH toUpper('a');
+-----------------------------+---------------------------+------------------------------------+
| ("apple" STARTS WITH "app") | ("apple" STARTS WITH "a") | ("apple" STARTS WITH toUpper("a")) |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------+------------------------------------+
| true                        | true                      | false                              |
+-----------------------------+---------------------------+------------------------------------+

nebula> RETURN 'apple' STARTS WITH 'b','apple' NOT STARTS WITH 'app';
+---------------------------+---------------------------------+
| ("apple" STARTS WITH "b") | ("apple" NOT STARTS WITH "app") |
+---------------------------+---------------------------------+
| false                     | false                           |
+---------------------------+---------------------------------+

(NOT) ENDS WITH

nebula> RETURN 'apple' ENDS WITH 'app', 'apple' ENDS WITH 'e', 'apple' ENDS WITH 'E', 'apple' ENDS WITH 'b';
+---------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| ("apple" ENDS WITH "app") | ("apple" ENDS WITH "e") | ("apple" ENDS WITH "E") | ("apple" ENDS WITH "b") |
+---------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| false                     | true                    | false                   | false                   |
+---------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+

Regular expressions

Note

Regular expressions cannot work with native nGQL statements (GO, FETCH, LOOKUP, etc.). Use it in openCypher only (MATCH, WHERE, etc.).

NebulaGraph supports filtering by using regular expressions. The regular expression syntax is inherited from std::regex. You can match on regular expressions by using =~ 'regexp'. For example:

nebula> RETURN "384748.39" =~ "\\d+(\\.\\d{2})?";
+--------------------------------+
| ("384748.39"=~"\d+(\.\d{2})?") |
+--------------------------------+
| true                           |
+--------------------------------+

nebula> MATCH (v:player) WHERE v.player.name =~ 'Tony.*' RETURN v.player.name;
+---------------+
| v.player.name |
+---------------+
| "Tony Parker" |
+---------------+

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Last update: March 13, 2023